It is a centralized computer control system that monitors, manages, and automates the building's main equipment and systems through various sensors and controllers distributed throughout the building.
Managed Objects: Includes air conditioning and ventilation systems, lighting systems, power supply systems, elevators, water supply and drainage systems, and, as we will focus on, fire protection and security systems.
1. Monitoring and Handling of Combustible Gas Leaks or LPG gas leakage monitor
Monitoring Equipment: LPG gas detectors: Installed in critical areas such as kitchens, boiler rooms, laboratories, and gas meter rooms.
BMS Workflow:
Real-time Monitoring: The BMS continuously receives gas concentration data from various detectors.
Tiered Alarms:
Low-Explosive Warning (e.g., reaching 10% of the lower explosive limit): The BMS will issue an audible and visual alarm in the control room, alerting management personnel to a potential minor leak requiring investigation. Data may also be recorded for subsequent analysis.
High-Explosive Warning (e.g., reaching 25% of the lower explosive limit): In an emergency, the BMS will immediately activate preset emergency procedures.
Interlocking Control (This is the core value of BMS):
Ventilation Activation: Automatically activates the emergency exhaust system in the affected area to rapidly dilute the concentration of flammable gases in the air.
Gas Supply Cut-off: Automatically closes the emergency shut-off valve in the area, preventing further gas leakage at the source.
Ignition Prohibition: May trigger related equipment to prohibit the activation of open flame equipment (such as boilers) in the area.
Audible and Visual Alarms: Activates audible and visual alarms on lpg detectorin the leak area to alert on-site personnel to evacuate immediately.
Information Push: Sends alarm information to the mobile phones or computers of security personnel and engineering managers.
2. Monitoring and Management of the Fire Protection System
The fire protection system is the highest-level and most critical subsystem in the BMS, typically adhering to the strictest standards and independence requirements.
Monitoring Equipment:
Automatic Fire Alarm System: Includes smoke detectors, lpg gas leak detector or toxic gas leak detector,heat detectors, manual alarm buttons, etc.
Other Fire Protection Facility Status Sensors: Such as the pressure status of fire pumps and pressure-stabilizing pumps, lpg gas solenoid valve open/close status, etc.
3. BMS Workflow:
Fire Alarm Confirmation: When any smoke detector, heat detector, or manual alarm button is triggered, the fire alarm system will first confirm the fire alarm.
BMS Alarm Reception: The fire alarm control panel transmits the confirmed fire alarm signal to the BMS in real time.
Global Linkage (BMS Acts as Commander):
Activate Emergency Lighting and Evacuation Instructions: Illuminate evacuation routes.
Control Elevators: Force all elevators to the ground floor and open doors to prevent people from being trapped.
Shut Down General Power: Cut off non-fire-fighting power to prevent the spread of electrical fires.
Activate Fire-Fighting Power: Ensure power supply to critical equipment such as fire pumps and smoke exhaust fans or lpg gas.
Link Air Conditioning and Ventilation System:
Shut Down Normal Air Supply: Prevent fresh air from fueling the fire.
Activate Fire-Fighting Smoke Exhaust Fans: Exhaust toxic smoke generated by the fire outdoors.
Activate Pressurized Air Supply System: Supply air to stairwells, lobbies, and other evacuation routes to create positive pressure, preventing smoke or lpg gas from entering and creating "life-saving passages." Linked access control system: Releases access control for all safety passages, ensuring unimpeded and rapid evacuation of personnel.